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                <h2 id="FreeBSD图解安装"><a href="#FreeBSD图解安装" class="headerlink" title="FreeBSD图解安装"></a>FreeBSD图解安装</h2><p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060909972.webp"
                      alt="安装1"
                ></p>
<p>推荐等待十秒即可自动进入，也可以直接回车进入。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">选项</th>
<th align="center">解释</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">ACPI Support</td>
<td align="center">ACPI 支持。有很多教程说有问题就关闭他，实际上是胡扯。关闭了反而问题会更多</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Safe Mode</td>
<td align="center">安全模式</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Single User</td>
<td align="center">单用户模式，找回 root 密码或修复磁盘时会用到</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">Verbose</td>
<td align="center">啰嗦模式，显示更多输出</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060910332.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p>选择 <code>install</code>,按下<code>回车键</code>进行安装。</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060910702.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p>这里是设置键盘，直接回车即可。</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060910856.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p>此处是设置主机名。<strong>严禁直接回车，设置主机名为空，否则后果自负。</strong></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060911317.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p>推荐：只选 <code>src</code> 以及 <code>lib32</code>。部分显卡驱动或其他程序需要 <code>src</code>，经测试 <code>lib32</code> 后天安装无效。不推荐选 <code>ports</code>，因为即使选了 <code>ports</code> 也不会安装的，还是空的。</p>
<p><strong>严禁全选，全选部分组件会使用网络进行安装。</strong></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">选项</th>
<th align="center">解释</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">base-dbg</td>
<td align="center">激活调试符号的基础工具，如 cat、ls 等</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">kernel-dbg</td>
<td align="center">激活内核和模块的调试符号</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">lib32-dbg</td>
<td align="center">用于在激活调试符号的 64 位版本的 FreeBSD 上运行 32 位应用程序的兼容库</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">lib32</td>
<td align="center">用于在 64 位版本的 FreeBSD 上运行 32 位应用程序的兼容库</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">ports</td>
<td align="center">ports</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">src</td>
<td align="center">系统源代码</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">tests</td>
<td align="center">测试工具</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060912403.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p>推荐：文件分区详解在第 6 章。这里推荐选择 auto ZFS&#x2F;UFS，一般来说内存小于 8GB 的应该选择 UFS，内存 8G 及以上的应该选用 ZFS。允许手动分区解压 txz 文件以自定义。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>注意：如果使用手动分区一直提示分区表损坏（corrupted）或类似字样，请先退出重启进入 shell 模式，刷新分区表：</p>
<figure class="highlight text"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># gpart recover ada0</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>你在手动安装的时候可以判断是哪块硬盘，以确定 ada0 这个参数是多少。</p>
<p>刷新后，输入 <code>bsdinstall</code> 即可进入安装模式。</p>
<p>原因详情见 <a class="link"   target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://handbook.bsdcn.org/di-18-zhang-cun-chu/18.3.-tiao-zheng-he-zeng-jia-ci-pan-da-xiao.html" >FreeBSD 手册open in new window<i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>，但是我认为这是一个 bug。</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060916283.webp"
                      alt="image.33qv10ze09a0"
                ></p>
<p>现代计算机应该选择 GPT+UEFI。较老的计算机（比如 2013 年以前的）应该选择保持与图片一致的选项（GPT(BIOS)）。</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060917636.webp"
                      alt="image.7klj2v91zvc0"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060917451.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060917140.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060917562.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p>此处输入 root 密码，密码不会显示在屏幕上，且要求重复输入两次以确认一致性。密码强度默认无要求。</p>
<p>设置网卡IP</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060917047.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060918681.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060918361.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060918294.webp"
                      alt="image"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060918610.webp"
                      alt="image.1i4wxasrpm1s"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060919988.webp"
                      alt="image.5s7l7680c8w0"
                ></p>
<p>保持 DHCP 获取的 DNS 即可，也可以使用其他 DNS。</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060920778.webp"
                      alt="image.2nbs63oyzp40"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060921314.webp"
                      alt="image.2y351a76b920"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060921208.webp"
                      alt="image.4yq1qryc4t80"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060922123.webp"
                      alt="image.6ongxnzwzk00"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060924500.webp"
                      alt="image.15g1hx2glkww"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060923994.webp"
                      alt="image.1nrcu4eonijk"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060925918.webp"
                      alt="image.1xoae0id4tts"
                ></p>
<p><strong>严禁全选</strong></p>
<p>不要选<code>local_unbound</code>，会影响 DNS，见 <a class="link"   target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=262290" >https://bugs.freebsd.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id&#x3D;262290open in new window<i class="fas fa-external-link-alt"></i></a>。</p>
<p>虚拟机不需要选 <code>powerd</code>。</p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th align="center">选项</th>
<th align="center">解释</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody><tr>
<td align="center">local_unbound</td>
<td align="center">启用 DNS 本地非绑定。这是基本系统预置的 unbound，仅用于本地缓存转发解析器使用。注意：如果开启，你的系统将不会正确联网，需要手动配置 DNS。如果你不知道这是什么不建议开启</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">sshd</td>
<td align="center">开启 ssh 服务</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">moused</td>
<td align="center">在 tty 界面显示鼠标</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">ntpdate</td>
<td align="center">启用启动时的自动时钟同步功能</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">ntpd</td>
<td align="center">用于自动时钟同步的网络时间协议（NTP）守护程序</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">powerd</td>
<td align="center">电源管理</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center">dumpdev</td>
<td align="center">启用崩溃转储，用于调试系统</td>
</tr>
</tbody></table>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060925747.webp"
                      alt="image.1jnk8hln8wn4"
                ></p>
<p>推荐选择：这里是安全增强选择，应该选择 <code>disable_sendmail</code>，如果不禁止这个服务会使你在每次开机的时候卡上几分钟，而且这个服务本身没什么用，发邮件用的。</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060927786.webp"
                      alt="image.4htqk7rgo5c0"
                ></p>
<p>这个菜单选项是用来创建普通用户的。root 敢死队可以无视之。需要注意的是，最好将该用户其加入 wheel 组，其他参数可以保持默认设置不变。在 FreeBSD 14 及以后，所有用户的 shell 都被统一为了 sh。</p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060925537.webp"
                      alt="image.25p308hz509s"
                ></p>
<p><img  
                     lazyload
                     alt="image"
                     data-src="https://gitee.com/lucky0915/pic-bed/raw/master/img/202304060926630.webp"
                      alt="image.1z7migv97v1c"
                ></p>

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            <span class="type">本文标题</span>：<span class="content">FreeBSD图解安装</span>
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            <span class="type">本文作者</span>：<span class="content">Blank</span>
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            <span class="type">创建时间</span>：<span class="content">2023-04-05 00:00:00</span>
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